autor: sportroom.pl., opublikowano: 09/11/2018
Maraton to bieg na dystansie 42,195km. Skąd wzięła się ta nierówna liczba? Jaka jest historia maratonów w Polsce i na świecie? Kto przebiegł je najszybciej? Na jakie imprezy biegowe warto się wybrać, żeby biegać w blasku fleszy i reflektorów? Te i kilka innych ciekawostek na temat maratonów znajdziecie w naszym artykule.
Jak to wszystko się zaczęło?
Dawno, dawno temu, w 490 roku p.n.e. wojska greckie toczyły zaciekłe walki w pobliżu Aten, broniąc się przed agresorem - Persami. Miejscowość, w której rzecz się działa nazywała się Maraton. Chociaż to wojska Persów miały znaczącą przewagę liczebną, walki wygrały wojska greckie. Po zakończeniu bitwy, pokonana armia perska wyruszyła okrętami w kierunku Aten, które nie spodziewały się zagrożenia. W drogę pospiesznie wyruszył więc posłaniec - Filippides, którego zadaniem było ostrzec przed zbliżającym się atakiem i poinformować o zwycięstwie w Maratonie. Miał do pokonania dystans 37km. Udało mu się dobiec. Jednak chwilę po przekazaniu wieści, padł jak długi i zmarł z wyczerpania.
Powstało na ten temat wiele opowieści i historii, które stały się inspiracją do włączenia biegu na takim właśnie dystansie – upamiętniając karkołomny wyczyn Filippidesa – do Pierwszych Nowożytnych Igrzysk Olimpijskich, które odbyły się w Atenach w 1896 roku. Dystans – dla wygody – zaokrąglono do pełnych 40km. Wciąż pozostawał jednak symboliczny, bowiem oficjalnie do programu igrzysk, jako dyscyplinę medalową, włączono go dopiero w 1984 roku w Los Angeles.
Ciekawostka: Jak to się stało, że z pierwotnej – historycznej – odległości 37km, dystans zwiększono do 40km, to jasne. Ale skąd 42,195km? Otóż, podczas IV Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich w Londynie w 1908 roku na trybunach zasiadał ówczesny brytyjski monarcha – król Edward VII. Maraton odbywał się wciąż symbolicznie, wieńcząc każde igrzyska. Żeby było bardziej spektakularnie, metę biegu przesunięto o 2,195km - do miejsca, w którym zasiadał król – i w ten właśnie sposób, maraton zyskał tajemniczo nierówny dystans 42,195km i tak już zostało.
Impreza masowa
Wiadomo, w igrzyskach udział mogą wziąć tylko nieliczni. Maraton bardzo szybko stał się jednak bardzo popularny i powszechny na tyle, że zaczął odbywać się w różnych miejscach, na ulicach całego świata. W tych biegach udział mógł wziąć każdy. Za największe imprezy biegowe na dystansie maratońskim uważa się tzw. Wielką Szóstkę. To organizowane przez World Marathon Majors biegi w Tokio (Tokyo Marathon), Londynie (Virgin Money London Marathon), Chicago (Bank of America Chicago Marathon), Bostonie (Boston Marathon), Berlinie (BMW Berlin Marathon) oraz Nowym Jorku (TCS New York City Marathon). Biegi odbywają się w różnych terminach – można więc “zaliczyć” je wszystkie po kolei.
Naj…
Teraz pora na trochę interesujących danych:
- Najstarszy maraton w dziejach nowożytnych to maraton w Bostonie - biegany od 1897 roku.
- Najstarszy maraton na starym kontynencie to bieg w Koszycach - biegany od 1924 roku.
- Najstarszy maraton w Polsce to bieg Rembertów-Zegrze (w dwie strony), który odbył się w 1924 roku. Wygrał go Stefan Szelestowski z wynikiem 3:13.10,5.
- Największy maraton europejski to bieg w Londynie i Berlinie – zgromadziły przeszło 40 tysięcy biegaczy każdy.
- Najdłuższy czas, który można biec maraton, żeby uznać, że się go zakończyło, to limin 5 lub 6 godzin.
- Najdziwniejsze miejsca, w których odbywał się bieg maratoński to Sahara, biegun północny i Wielki Mur Chiński.
- Największe maratony (oficjalne) w Polsce, w których udział wzięło minimum 5000 uczestników, to Maraton Warszawski, Orlen Warsaw Marathon, Wrocław Marathon, Poznań Marathon oraz Cracovia Marathon.
- Najszybszy maratończyk świata (stan obecny – 2018 rok) to Eliud Kipchoge z Kenii, który przebiegł maraton w Berlinie w czasie 2:01:39.
- Najszybszy polski maratończyk to (jak na razie) Henryk Szost, przebiegł maraton w Otsu w czasie 2:07:39.
- Najszybsza kobieta na świecie, która przebiegła maraton to Paula Radcliffe z Wielkiej Brytanii, pokonując dystans maratonu w Londynie w czasie 2:15:25.
- Najbardziej spektakularnym rekordzistą jest Dean Karnazes – nie dość, że pokonał dystans maratoński na biegunie południowym w temperaturze -40 stopni, to udało mu się przebiec aż 50 maratonów w 50 różnych stanach Ameryki Północnej w 50 kolejnych dni.
Źródło: https://sportroom.
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